From the Wild Steelhead Coalition's Mission Statement...
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Hatchery programs must be closely examined and be carried out in such a manner that the negative impacts on wild fish are removed or minimized.
The WSC stands for the mass marking of all hatchery steelhead, and for science, not politics, to be the basis for the re-tooling of hatchery practices.
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Here is introduction to the recently introduced WSC Draft Hatchery Policy, and some parts of the as of yet unfinished document.
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DRAFT Wild Steelhead Coalition Hatchery Policy, January 15, 2004.
by Dr. Nate Mantua, VP of Science and Education
The state of Washington is home to the largest steelhead hatchery programs in the world. In recent years, hatchery fish have supported about 80% of the annual steelhead harvest in this state. Today hatcheries play significant roles in the steelhead fishing in nearly every significant stream or river in Washington. Yet is has long been recognized that hatchery programs throughout the Northwest are ripe for major reforms.
Everything that follows is now in draft form and open for discussion and revision. We encourage WSC members to contribute their comments and critiques of this draft so that our revisions will result in the best WSC position possible.
DRAFT POLICY
Because the mission of the Wild Steelhead Coalition is to increase the return of wild steelhead to the waters and rivers of the Pacific Northwest, I propsed the following as our overall goal:
"to use hatcheries to promote a better future for wild steelhead AND steelhead fisheries"
When we began this effort a committee was formed to undertake our own scientific review of the lastes research into hatchery-wild fish interactions and related topics. We quickly found that the amount of research that has been done in this area is simply overwhelming. In recent months we adopted a strategy that aims to take advantage of recently published expert reviews on the general topic of hatchery reform. These include:
1. The Hatchery Scientific Review Group/Long Live The Kings effort for Puget Sound and Washington Coast hatcheries (HSRG/LLTK)
http://www.lltk.org/hatcheryreform.html 2. The Columbia Basin Artificial Production Review and Evaluation
http://www.nwppc.org/fw/apre/Default.htm http://www.nwppc.org/library/2003/2003-17.htm 3. The 2001 California DFG and NMFS hatchery review
http://swr.nmfs.noaa.gov/jhr.htm 4. The 2001 hatchery reform report from Oregon's Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team
5. The 1999 NW Power Council review and reform recommendations for the Columbia Basin in Brannon, et al.
6. The NW Power Council's 2003 review of supplementation programs (written by the Independent Scientific Review Board)
7. Trout Unlimited's 2003 report on a "Landscape Perspective" for hatchery operations in the Columbia Basin
http://www.tu.org The great news is that these review teams have summarized the latest science and they've applied it to specific hatchery programs. For instance, the HSRG reports provide a template we might consider copying by first offering "area wide recommendations" and then following that with hatchery-specific reviews and recommendations. Likewise, TU's recent report on a "Landscape Perspective" offers a new example for how we think about hatcheries at a program level, where fitting individual hatchery projects into the broader ecosystems their fish will be part of is the over-riding concern.
**I'll paraphrase what the rest may look like**
I. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
"To provide a vision for operating NW salmon/steelhead hatcheries in ways that promote a better future for wild steelhead and steelhead fisheries"
II. BACKGROUND
This section will contain facts about past and current hatchery operations (number of hatcheries, numbers of smolts produced per year by region, etc.) and their known impacts on wild steelhead. Facts about the value of steelhead for sport fisheries (harvest and catch and release).
III. AREA WIDE RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Wild Steelhead Management Zones (as adopted from the HSRG)
2. Clear staement of objectives for each hatchery project: is it a project aimed at fishery enhancement? Supplementing depressed populations of natural spawners? A combination of both?
3. A regional approach to operating hatchery programs with the incorporation of ecosystem considerations: this will shift the focus from what happens inside the hatchery project walls to consider what happens outside the hatchery walls.
4. Guidelines for the use of wild broodstock for wild fish supplementation programs or fishery enhancement programs.
5. Guidelines for a standard hatchery performance monitoring and evaluation program, including: annual reports on economic performance (cost per adult produced); egg-to-smolt survival, smolt-to-adult survival, straying rates, harvest contribution.
6. Criteria regarding outplanting.
7. Requirements that all hatchery fish be marked, and request a more sophisticated marking program than simply fin-clips in order to support improved data collection.
IV. Identify Wild Steelhead Management Zones
V. Recommendations for linking research, monitoring and evaluations to management practices.
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While it is still in draft form, that's the outline of it.
Does anyone think that sounds like the WSC is for closing hatcheries and ending sportfishing?
I have a rather lengthy article about Foregone Opportunity and Wild Steelhead Release, too. Should I post it? If so, should I do it here, or in its own thread?
Fish on...
Todd.