I don't recall Todd ever saying that all hatchery programs lead to a loss of abundance.

Broodstock programs, however, all do...because they take wild fish and kill them to make hatchery fish, which are then killed.

When we are talking about hatchery/hatchery pairings resulting in stastically "zero" recruits, we are talking about Chambers Creek fish that were Johnny Appleseeded all over the northwest. I believe the Cowlitz program is using some sort of fish that is "most close" to what the hatchery wild fish would be, were there any or many there.

Fish on...

Todd